The best result i've come up with can be seen in lava.jpg. but this result required alot of hand tweaking and would be very difficult to script reliably.
oooh! Well, it looks like the prize goes to Vidar Madsen with his fireanim.scm script. Take a look at his Gimp page. Pretty darn spiffy. Just for kicks take a look at an image Seth Burgess made of me on fire.
Try #1
The basic trick is the chain of cubism->oilify->edge detect suggested to me by Sven Riedel. This is a pretty nifty little effect and can be used for a lot of things. It makes good veins, and makes good lighting too.
For an example, take a look at lava_example.jpg
This should get you a result similar to flame-1.jpg or flame-2.jpg
Looks like Sven has put up a nice page explaining the burn effect. Lots of detail and pics to help.
Take a look at burn.jpg for an example. The original is f-22.jpg
Take a look at flame5.jpg for an example.